The Difference Between e-Learning and Distance Learning

The terms e-learning, distance learning, web-based learning and online learning are often used interchangeably. But, a recent eLearn Magazine article explains how important it is to recognize their differences: ...These terms represent concepts with subtle, yet consequential differences....A clear understanding of these concepts and their fundamental differences is important for both the educational and training communities. Applying each of these terms adequately is key to assuring reliable communication between clients and vendors, members of technical teams, and the research community. A thorough familiarity with each concept and its distinctive characteristics is a critical factor in establishing adequate specifications, evaluating alternative options, selecting best solutions, and enabling and promoting effective learning practices. See Also: The 7 Mistakes Online Learners Make

The Positive Effects Of Video Games Essay - 1410 Words

Faizal Lalani†¨Ms. Hart†¨British Literature†¨2nd Period†¨18 March 2015 The Positive Effects of Video Games Video Games industry is the biggest entertainment industry, bigger and better than Hollywood, â€Å"The video-game industry is projected to grow from $67 billion in 2013 to $82 billion in 2017. At the same time, global movie revenue, both DVD and ticket sales, hit an estimated $94 billion in 2010, down 17% after inflation from 2001† (Fast company). Video Games are a huge part of children and teenagers in today’s world, they spend hours playing video games every day. In our society video games are one of the most common and most fun way of using technology. â€Å"In September, a new pop-culture milestone was reached. The fourteenth installment of Grand Theft Auto did $800 million in worldwide sales in its first 24 hours. That was the biggest launch day ever for any piece of entertainment—any movie, any record, anything at all† (Fast company). Over the years video gaming has evolved and with its evolution it has changed itself and changed how the gamers play it. Video games have turned out to be a really controversial subject with people and scientists debating if it has any negative effects on teenagers like addiction, aggressive behavior, and depression; but it has not been proven yet if video games does really have any negative effects on the society. Although video games might have some negative effects, it has a lot of positive effects too, which cannot be ignored. Some positiveShow MoreRelatedVideo Game : The Positive Effects Of Video Games716 Words   |  3 Pageschildhood, I have always enjoyed video games, though I am not proud of this statement. During elementary school I would finish my homework straight when I get home, then continue to play video games. It’s not that I was addicted to gaming, but I really felt that there was nothing else I would want to do. One might argue that I could have gone outside or made art, but I had nobody to go outside with, or make art with, so the easy activity to do was to sit and pla y video games. I was still active in soccerRead MoreVideo Games Positive And Negative Effects1317 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract In recent years, video games have played an important role in the field of education and in treating psychological patients. Video games are a form of self-indulgence, which often provide unique and engaging environments that train players to think fast and resourcefully. With the right design and mechanics, they can facilitate learning and cognitive thinking in diverse levels .Computer games can be used in children with mental health issues, psychological disorders and in chronic disordersRead MorePositive Effects Of Video Games Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesare playing video games. From five or six-year-olds, all the way up to 40 or 50-year-olds. Ever since video games were first created, people have been fascinated with them, and spend hours upon hours playing them. It may be common to hear people say that videogames are a waste of time, video games rot your brain, or video games cause you to become violent, heartless criminals. This may be true in some cases; however, though it may not be known to most people, there are many good effects of playingRead MorePositive Effects Of Video Games Essay1475 Words   |  6 Pagesdie-hard video game fan at home? Are you noticing changes in his behavior of late? Is his school performance going down because of his video game addiction? Well, if you relate to any of these situations, then you must give our post on how video games affect teenagers a read. If you are a mother, chances are that you have a teenager who is a die-hard fan of video games. It is a great source of recreation for teens. Although these games have been around for decades, today’s sophisticated games requireRead MorePositive Effects Of Violent Video Games1161 Words   |  5 PagesViolent video games have been a popular pass time for American teenagers ever since the first ones were released. The most popular of these games are Grand Theft Auto, Call of Duty, Mortal Kombat, and Doom. It has become a popular belief that these games are directly linked to violent behaviors in our youth. Numerous scholars have set out to determine the validity of these assumptions through vast surveys and studies in America. All of these scholars share the belief that violent video games affectRead MorePositive Effects of Video Games on Learning803 Words   |  3 PagesNowadays, video games are frequently accused of having detrimental effects on children and adolescents. The main arguments against video games are that they lead to addiction, that they provoke violence, and that they impair social development. Whether or not such claims are true has not been determined with certainty as scientific studies have produced contradictory results (â€Å"Video game controversies†). Nevertheless, video games also have beneficial effects, which tend to be underrated, as theyRead MoreThe Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games3383 Words   |  14 PagesThe Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games http://www.raisesmartkid.com/3-to-6-years-old/4-articles/34-the-good-and-bad-effects-of-video-games Is playing video games good or bad for you? It can be both. Video games are frowned upon by parents as time-wasters, and worse, some education experts think that these games corrupt the brain. Violent video games are easily blamed by the media and some experts as the reason why some young people become violent or commit extreme anti-social behaviorRead MoreVideo Games Outweigh The Positive Effects1770 Words   |  8 Pagesshould be allowed to play video games or parents that have already decided to not let their children play them. These parents may be under the belief that video games have only negative effects on their child’s cognitive, physical, and social states, or that the negative effects of playing video games outweigh the positive effects. This audience only needs a simple understanding of what video games are; they do not have to be knowledgeable as to the different genres of games or their titles etc. TheRead More Positive and Negative Effects of Video Games Essay2663 Words   |  11 PagesPositive and Negative Effects o f Video Games The video game technology, like most technologies, has changed drastically in the last few years. Arcades may look much the same on the surface as they did a decade or two ago, but the games have become far more violent, sophisticated and addictive. When one visits the video arcade it is not surprising to see children pointing and shooting something that looks suspiciously like a real weapon. If Pong – or, for thatRead MoreVideo Games Positive Mental Effects on the Human Mind1650 Words   |  7 PagesWhen it comes to the topic of how video games can affect us mentally, a bit of controversy is always found. Results range from positive to negative, but with no clear sign as to whether or not they can be beneficial or damaging to ones mental state. If you take a step back and look at the bigger picture, you may notice that it is not truly a proposition of either-or, video games can produce both a negative and positive effect on the human brain but to what extent? The reason why so much negativity

An Event in Your Life Free Essays

Chapter 1 The Bertolini: Summary: We open in Florence at the Pension Bertolini, a pension for British travelers. Young  Lucy Honeychurch  and her cousin,  Charlotte Bartlett, are bemoaning the poor rooms that they have been given. They were promised rooms with views. We will write a custom essay sample on An Event in Your Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two women sit at dinner in their pension, along with the other guests. Lucy is disappointed because the pension hostess has turned out to be British, and the decor of the pension seems lifted right out of a room in London. While Miss Bartlett and Lucy talk, an old man interrupts them to tell them that his room has a nice view. The man is  Mr. Emerson; he introduces his son,  George Emerson. Mr. Emerson offers Miss Bartlett and Lucy a room swap. The men will take the rooms over the courtyard, and Lucy and Charlotte will take the more pleasant rooms that have views. Miss Bartlett is horrified by the offer, and refuses to accept; she begins to ignore the Emersons and resolves to switch pensions the next day. Just then,  Mr. Beebe, a clergyman that Lucy and Charlotte know from England, enters. Lucy is delighted to meet someone she knows, and she shows it; now that Mr. Beebe is here, they must stay at the Pension Bertolini. Lucy has heard in letters from her mother that Mr. Beebe has just accepted a position at the parish of Summer Street, the parish of which Lucy is a member. Mr. Beebe and Lucy have a pleasant talk over dinner, in which he gives Lucy advice about the sites of Florence. This vacation is Lucy’s first time in Florence. Soon, almost everyone at the table is giving Lucy and Miss. Bartlett advice. The torrent of advice signifies the acceptance of Lucy and Miss Bartlett into the good graces of the pension guests; Lucy notes that the Emersons are outside of this fold. After the meal, some of the guests move to the drawing room. Miss Bartlett discusses the Emersons with Mr. Beebe; Beebe does not have a very high opinion of Mr. Emerson, but he thinks him harmless, and he believes no harm would have come from Miss Bartlett accepting Mr. Emerson’s offer. Mr. Emerson is a Socialist, a term that is used by Mr. Beebe and Miss Bartlett with clear disapproval. Miss Bartlett continues to ask Mr. Beebe about what she should have done about the offer, and if she should apologize, until Mr. Beebe becomes annoyed and leaves. An old lady approaches the two women and talks with Miss Bartlett about Mr. Emerson’s offer. Lucy asks if perhaps there was something beautiful about the offer, even if it was not delicate. Miss Bartlett is puzzled by the question; to her, beauty and delicacy are the same thing. Mr. Beebe returns: he has arranged with Mr. Emerson to have the women take the room. Miss Bartlett is not quite sure what to do, but she accepts. She takes the larger room, which was occupied by George, because she does not want Lucy to be indebted to a young man. She bids Lucy goodnight and inspect her new quarters, and she finds a piece of paper pinned to the washstand that has an enormous â€Å"note of interrogation† scrawled on it. Though she feels threatened by it, she saves it for George between two pieces of blotting paper. Chapter Two In Santa Croce with No Baedeker: Summary: Lucy looks out her window onto the beautiful scene of a Florence morning. Miss Bartlett interrupts her reverie and encourages Lucy to begin her day; in the dining room, they argue politely about whether or not Miss Bartlett should accompany Lucy on a bit of sightseeing. Lucy is eager to go but does not wish to tire her cousin, and Miss Bartlett, though tired, does not want Lucy to go alone. A â€Å"clever lady,† whose name is Miss Lavish, intercedes. After some discussion, it is agreed that Miss Lavish and Lucy will go out together to the church of Santa Croce. The two women go out, and have a lively (but not too involved) conversation about politics and people they know in England. Suddenly, they are lost. Lucy tries to consult her Baedeker travel guide, but Miss Lavish will have none of it. She takes the guide book away. In their wanderings, they cross the Square of the Annunziata; the buildings and sculptures are the most beautiful things Lucy has ever seen, but Miss Lavish drags her forward. The women eventually reach Santa Croce, and Miss Lavish spots Mr. Emerson and George. She does not want to run into them, and seems disgusted by the two men. Lucy defends them. As they reach the steps of the church, Miss Lavish sees someone she knows and rushes off. Lucy waits for a while, but then she sees Miss Lavish wander down the street with her friend and Lucy realizes she has been abandoned. Upset, she goes into Santa Croce alone. The church is cold, and without her Baedeker travel guide Lucy feels unable to correctly view the many famous works of art housed there. She sees a child hurt his foot on a tomb sculpture and rushes to help him. She then finds herself side-by-side with Mr. Emerson, who is also helping the child. The child’s mother appears and sets the boy on his way. Lucy feels determined to be good to the Emersons despite the disapproval of the other pension guests. But when Mr. Emerson and George invite her to join them in their little tour of the church, she knows that she should be offended by such an invitation. She tries to seem offended, but Mr. Emerson sees immediately that she is trying to behave as she has seen others behave, and tells her so. Strangely, Lucy is not angry about his forwardness but is instead somewhat impressed. She asks to be taken to look at the Giotto frescoes. The trio comes across a tour group, including some tourists from the pension, led by a clergyman named  Mr. Eager. Mr. Eager spews commentary on the frescoes, which Mr. Emerson heartily disagrees with; he is skeptical of the praise and romanticizing of the past. The clergyman icily leads the group away. Mr. Emerson, worried that he has offended them, rushes off to apologize. George confides in Lucy that his father always has that effect on people. His earnestness and bluntness are repellent to others. Mr. Emerson returns, having been snubbed. Mr. Emerson and Lucy go off to see other works. Mr. Emerson, sincere and earnest, shares his concerns for his son. George is unhappy. Lucy is not sure how to react to this direct and honest talk; Mr. Emerson asks her to befriend his son. She is close to his age and Mr. Emerson sense much that is good in the girl. He hopes that these two young people can learn from each other. George is deeply saddened by life itself and the transience of human existence; this cerebral sorrow all seems very strange to Lucy. George suddenly approaches them, to tell Lucy that Miss Bartlett is here. Lucy realizes that one of the old women in the tour group must have told Charlotte that Lucy was with the Emersons. When she seems distressed, Mr. Emerson expresses sympathy for her. Lucy becomes cold, and she informs him that she has no need for his pity. She goes to join her cousin. Chapter Three Music, Violets, and the Letter â€Å"S†: Summary: One day after lunch Lucy decides to play the piano. The narrator tells us that Lucy has a great love for playing; she is no genius, but she is talented and passionate, always playing â€Å"on the side of Victory. † Mr. Beebe recalls the first time he heard her play, back in England, at Tunbridge Wells. She chose an unusual and intense piece by Beethoven. At the time, Mr. Beebe remarked to someone that if Lucy ever learned to live as she plays, it would be a great event. Now, Mr. Beebe makes the same remark to Lucy directly. Miss Bartlett and Miss Lavish are out sightseeing, but it is raining hard outside. Lucy asks about Miss Lavish’s novel, which is in progress. Lately, Miss Lavish and Miss Bartlett have become close, leaving Lucy feeling like a third wheel. Miss Catharine Alan enters, complimenting Lucy’s playing. She discusses the impropriety of the Italians with Mr. Beebe, who half-agrees with her in a subtly and playfully mocking way. They discuss Miss Lavish, who once wrote a novel but lost the thing in heavy rains. She is working on a new book, set in modern Italy. Miss Alan talks about Miss Lavish’ first meeting with the Emersons. Mr. Emerson made a comment about acidity of the stomach, trying to be helpful to another pension guest. Miss Lavish was drawn to his directness. She tried to stand up for the Emersons for a while, talking about commerce and how it is the heart of England’s empire. But after dinner, she went into the smoking room with them. A few minutes later, she emerged, silent. No one knows what happened, but since then, Miss Lavish has made no attempt to be friendly to the men. Lucy asks Miss Alan and Mr. Beebe if the Emersons are nice; after some discussion, Mr. Beebe gives a qualified yes and Miss Alan a no. Mr. Beebe, though he does not say it, does not approve of the Emerson’s attempts to befriend Lucy. Mr. Beebe feels badly for the Emersons nonetheless; they are thoroughly isolated at the pension. He silently resolves to organize a group outing so that everyone will have a good time. Evening comes on and the rain stops. Lucy decides to go out for a walk and enjoy the last bit of daylight. Clearly, Miss Alan disapproves and Mr. Beebe does not approve entirely. But Lucy goes out anyway; Mr. Beebe chalks her behavior up to too much Beethoven. Analysis: Music and Lucy’s relationship to her music is one of the novel’s themes. Mr. Beebe’s comment becomes the reader’s hope for Lucy: perhaps one day she will play as well as she lives. Forster speaks in this chapter’s opening pages of music’s transcendent abilities. It can be the gift of anyone regardless of social class or education. Through Beebe’s statement, Forster is suggesting that these qualities also apply to passionate living. To live life well is within the grasp of anyone, despite the prejudices and proprieties of Lucy’s world. Her choice of unusual Beethoven pieces is indicative of her passion. She needs more of an outlet than music, but for now her music will have to do. Music puts her in touch with her desires and feelings; the passion of Beethoven makes her resolve to go out alone, despite the disapproval of others. Chapter Four: Summary: Lucy goes out longing for adventure, hoping for something great. She buys some photographs of great artworks at a junk shop, but remains unsatisfied. She wanders into the Piazza Signoria; it is nearing twilight, and the world takes on an aura of unreality. Nearby, she sees two Italians arguing. One of them is struck lightly on the chest; he wanders toward Lucy, trying to say something, and blood trickles from his lips. The light strike was actually a stabbing. A crowd surrounds them and carries the man away. She sees George Emerson, and then the world seems to fall on top of Lucy; suddenly, she is with George Emerson, sitting on some steps some distance away. She fainted, and George has carried her here. She thanks George and asks him to fetch her photographs, which she dropped in the square; when he leaves to get them, she tries to sneak away. George calls to her and persuades her to sit down. The man who approached her is dead or dying. A crowd surrounds the man, down by the fountain, and George goes to investigate. George returns, and they talk of the murder. They walk back to the pension along the river, and George suddenly tosses something into the water. Lucy angrily demands to know what he threw away, suspecting that they might be her photographs. After some hesitation, George admits that they were. He threw them away because they were covered with blood. At George’s request, they stop for a moment. He feels something incredible has happened, and he wants to figure it out. Leaning over a parapet, Lucy apologizes for her fainting and asks that he not tell anyone at the pension what happened. She realizes that he is not a chivalrous man, meaning he is a stranger to old-fashioned ideas of courtesy and propriety, but she also realizes that George is intelligent, trustworthy, and kind. She says that events like the murder happen, and that the witnesses go on living life as usual. George replies that he does not go on living life as usual. Now, he will want to live. Analysis: Forster spends the first part of the chapter explaining Lucy’s character. She is naive, but she has some strength and passion. She is frustrated by the constraints on her gender, but she is also no firebrand by nature. She feels that she should be ladylike, in the old-fashioned sense of the word, but in practice she wants to be more free and adventurous than that label allows. She feels her emotions most passionately and deeply after she has played piano. Forster often uses the landscape to mirror Lucy’s mood. After she finished playing the piano, the rain cleared, mirroring Lucy’s tendency to know her own desires most clearly after playing music. As she wanders into the square, the world seems touched by unreality. She longs for an adventure, and she is conscious of being in a different place and wanting to see something rule. It is twilight, a transitional time between day and night, and Lucy is about to have a very confusing and important experience. She is rescued by George, and she cannot seem to decide what to think about it. For his part, George is as taciturn and strange as ever. Forster lets us into his characters’ heads, but with George and Mr. Emerson we have only their outward actions and dialogue. Lucy’s experience is confusing not only because she watches a man die, but also because she is not sure how to deal with George and how he makes her feel. She recognizes that he is not chivalrous or proper, but she sees goodness in him. She stops by the river and feels somehow comfortable with him, but she nervously asks him not to tell anyone that she fainted and he carried her. For George too, the experience is important. For whatever reason, and in ways that Forster will not allow us to see directly, he is changed. He tells Lucy that he will not return to life as he lived it before; now, he wants to live. The experience has made him appreciate life, perhaps in part because he shared something extraordinary with Lucy. How to cite An Event in Your Life, Essay examples

Importance of Psychological Counseling and Family

Question: Discuss the importance of psychological counseling and family support for a victim of sexual abuse as Tara? Answer: Introduction: This assignment deals with the case study of a 16 years old girl Tara Jones living in a foster home Smith Centre for Youth. She depicts the behavior of repeated running away from the home for three times. Going through the case study, this assignment intends to find out the major concerns faced by a victim of sexual abuse. Related assessment processes, ethical considerations, and interventions are also highlighted. Concern: Reason to seek service-The patient here Tara seems to exhibit outburst and violent behaviors at the foster home she lived in. Reflects from interactions of the family therapist with Taras foster mother Ms. Judy Boot reveals considerable mood swings in Tara at times. The report of Tara being sexually abused by her brother and reacting arguably with a resident at foster home due to the revelation of this information indicate the need of medical/psychological help. The social worker perceives the repeated elopements of Tara as concerning due to the possibility of losing confidence and inclining towards weaker actions and behaviors by Tara. Background: Tara, the 16-year-old adolescent residing in the Smith Center for Youth belong to an African American ethnicity with Baptist religion. Depicting outburst and inappropriate behaviors Tara was reported to run away from her recent foster home. Revelations from the interaction of intake worker with Tara identifies the patient to be a victim of sexual abuse from the older brother at 11 years of age. Lack of belief from her mother, the absence of the father and a fear of gang violence in the neighborhood are revealed by Tara. Tara is seen to leave home forcibly when her mother did not believe her accusations about abuse. A deep hurt is evident. Although Tara herself denies alcohol consumption but the discussion of the case with Taras foster mother Judy identifies that Tara consumed alcohol one day after being in a relationship with a 25 years old guy Tyler. Assessment process: To approach Taras family the social worker needs first to meet and retrieve the family details of Tara from Smith Center for Youth (SCY), the last foster home where Tara resides. Obtaining the details of her family, her foster mother Judy Boot and biological mother Sharon Jones are contacted. To build a strong and close relationship with Tara, the social worker needs to depict a high level of understanding and communication efficiency. With a deep understanding and attitude of listening and interest in the clients views, a good rapport can be built. The three main skills as effective communication, understanding and decision-making skill assists highly in the development of a therapeutic alliance between Tara and the social worker. Tara depicts the lack of fathers presence in her life and living in a neighborhood with the risk of gang violence. It indicates a culture that is potential of influencing the patient adversely in terms of her mental health. The absence of father figure, neighborhood nature and mothers belief are the major cultural factors evident to influence Tara. To conduct an ecological assessment of Tara, a thorough personal interview with her is essential. Approaching her biological and foster mother enable the assessment of her family and culture. Surveying the community in which Tara resided facilitate the community assessment. Personal strengths and weaknesses: The case study of Tara identifies the major Personal Strengths of the patient as a healthy heart, normal blood pressure, weight and height within the normal range. The respectful and kind behavior of Tara towards her classmates at the sophomore years and minimal depiction of alcohol consumption (only one time she was found drunk) further add to her strengths. The medical details of Tara indicate a healthy physical state. The good behavior of Tara to her classmates at sophomore years induce that she is capable of leading a normal lifestyle and learning if counseled properly. The Weaknesses in Tara comprise of her action of running away from the foster homes 3 times, overreacting from anger with another resident at SCY due to revelation of her personal information and her relationship involvement with a 25 years old guy. It indicates the lack of adequate logical reasoning in Tara to restrain from such a relationship that also reveals the guy treating her forcibly. The incident of holding her wrist and pushing down a flight of stairs and setting up rules to follow for Tara is a clear indication that the guy is controlling her. Environmental strengths and weaknesses: The main environmental strengths of Tara include availability of the strong formal support from her foster home and the favorable social environment. There is a wide scope of participating in recreation activities and friends for Tara in her school. The availability of educational opportunity from helpful teachers, understanding, and concerned foster mother is a major environmental strength for Tara. The strong and efficient legal system evident in the case study of Tara is a high environmental strength in this case. The instance of the court putting her to foster home and providing for her education completion and later assigning her to residential home indicates the considerable and efficient judging of her case reflects the environmental strength of legal systems. The environmental weaknesses for Tara comprise of lack of informal supports from family and relations. Her mother disbelieving her, brother abusing her sexually, the absence of the father and an extremely unstable relationship with an 11 years older guy reveals the sheer absence of mental support for Tara. The lack of adequate work opportunities, stability and safety concerns of occupation is another eminent weakness of Taras environment. It seems to put her in a stressful situation regarding her future affordability since she lacks any family support. The inadequate economic status leading to the insufficiency of favorable housing and neighborhood is a vital weakness in case of Tara. Targets and goals: From the microsystem, the concern to change involves changing the mental status of Tara by driving her mental stress away through communication session so that she do not cut herself off to manage stress. In order to address this concern, the relevant goal to set may include the incorporation of a separate and exclusive psychological session or recreation activity as meditation to enable Tara get rid of her stress in other ways rather than cutting herself off from others. It is expected to increase her self-confidence and reduce the tendency of running. In mezzo system, her attitude towards a relationship with the 25 years old guy Tyler and marrying him is a high concern. Her family and friends needs to change their attitude towards her and deal with her more considerably and understanding manner. It can provide her with the strong base and support thereby helping her to move away from the controlling boyfriend Tyler. The goal to provide Taras family and friends with adequate health information regarding how to treat a patient of sexual abuse and mental health issues can help in changing her familys and friends attitude towards her thus benefiting her aptly. In terms of macro system, the school education system needs to implement a separate psychological session or counseling for adolescents as Tara. The school authority in which Tara is admitted needs to implement a separate teaching procedure for the students like Tara, who are victimized of abuses from family members and lacks informal support. Preliminary intervention: Considering the case of Tara and the details depicted through her case, the psychological intervention can be considered to be the most efficient and appropriate intervention to apply on Tara. Rehabilitation can be considered if she is found to get inclined towards drug and alcohol. At micro-level, she can benefit from a stress management measure as meditation. At the mezzo level, the intervention of psychological session can prove helpful. Considering the macro level, the intervention of providing such mental health adolescents with an extensive targeted education approach program is highly effective. The psychological intervention involves a knowledgeable and qualified psychiatrist counseling Tara to reduce her stress level and enable her towards better education management. The meditation intervention seems highly effective in addressing the issue of the unstable mental condition of Tara that leads her to behave through inappropriate actions as running away repeatedly from the foster homes she is put into. The rehabilitation can prevent Tara from succumbing to the addiction of alcohol and drugs. The targeted educative programs for the abuse victims facilitate the effective learning of the adolescents as Tara thus enabling her to reach her goal of passing her sophomore year at school. The psychological intervention needs to consider the ethnic values and specific situations of the target individual. It will fit in with the cultural aspect of the adolescent thus proving beneficial to address the identified concerns. Ethics: The ethical issues and values raised in this case of Tara include the consideration of the right to freedom of lifestyle for an individual. At a personal (micro) level, Taras freedom to lead her life in the way she wants gets interfered due to the psychological counseling restricting her from involving into relationship with Tyler, inclining towards alcohol and leaving the place she is not comfortable in due to unidentified reasons. On a macro level, the implementation of a targeted program for Tara at school means the revelation of her victimized status in the society. It is the violation of privacy and dignity for the adolescent. The practitioner and the practice setting can be used efficiently to address these identified ethical issues. The issue of interfering with the freedom of Taras lifestyle can be addressed by providing her with the option of meditating in a place of her choice and timing. The provision of a psychological session for Tara at school can be arranged in a confidential manner by providing her with the session at her foster home. It can address the issue of maintaining the privacy and dignity of Tara. Since effective communication is a majorly potential aspect enabling the addressing of ethical issues in the healthcare context, the social worker can employ this measure on Tara to handle the dilemmas. The agency as SCY and the new residential home for Tara, the Tanner House can use exclusive measures as treating the adolescents of victims with special care and counseling compensating the lack of informal support for the victim. It can not only provide Tara with the much needed emotional support to handle the situation and manage the stress she feels but also can assist her in handling the inappropriate actions as involving in relationship with a 25 years old guy. Being a social worker can help the victim in addressing this ethical issue by building a contact between Tara and her family. Making her mother aware of the fact that she is telling the truth and Tara is in need of her familys support can help Tara to regain her confidence. It will help her to deal with situations of pressure in place of running away or succumbing to alcohols or controlling relationships. Since the interaction of the therapist with Tara depicts an interest in Tara towards competing her education, concerns about her occupation and career and intension to marry her current boyfriend Tyler to have a family, it is an indication that Tara is quiet open to the social worker. Building on this closeness of relationship, the social worker can convince Tara towards a healthy lifestyle of adopting the counseling sessions, exercise regimen of meditation and focusing more on the education completion process. Another way of helping Tara is to encourage her to discuss more her abus ive experience from her brother. Talking on it and discussing it with appropriate feedback from the social workers can generate a feeling of security, safety and the higher level of confidence in Tara facilitating her leading a better and improved life. Conclusion: This assignment reveals the importance of psychological counseling and family support for a victim of sexual abuse as Tara to lead her back to a normal life. Considering the ethical aspects as the risk of leaving the patient open in society and interference into her personal freedom is a major dilemma to deal with for the social worker and healthcare practitioners.

Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces

Introduction Organisational managers and employees are two factions that come into direct confrontation with respect to employment relations in most cases. The state is also involved in matters pertaining employment relations. Nevertheless, the state is a third party and thus its involvement is not acknowledged.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In employment relations, the state may take different forms, which may include varied agencies playing different roles in industrial relations. According to Howe and Landau (2007), state is relatively an ‘open system’. No single party represents the state; in essence, the state is characterised by organs like the police, the judicially, and various employment institutions. In spite of the current rate of globalisation and the emergence of intercontinental business, employment relations are still rooted in the state instead of global institutions. The national government enacts laws that govern employee relations, thus influencing organisational operations. Some pundits claim that Australian state should not take part in employment relations, which leaves this role to employers and employees. However, based on the environment at the workplaces, the state should participate in promoting employee relations in the country. This paper will discuss how state’s intervention in the working environment may help in enhancing employment relations in the modern Australian workplace. State intervention State intervention in employee relations in Australia facilitates in safeguarding the interests of employees, especially those with limited skills. Technological advancements are giving way to the emergence of new roles in organisations and changes in operations. Most of the unskilled employees are not capable of coping with these changes. Hence, they are vulner able to losing their jobs as organisations perceive them as unproductive. Employers are fond of dismissing unproductive employees at their will. In spite of existing negotiations between employers and employees, it is hard for unskilled employees to retain their positions when changes occur in organisations. However, through state’s intervention, the Australian government is capable of establishing stable employee relations in the country. In 2009, the state came up with Fair Work Act. The Act facilitates in enhancing employee relations by ensuring that employers furnish their new employees with working information immediately after recruitment (Howe Landau 2009). Employees get information regarding the terms and conditions of their employment, and issues that would affect their employment.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In most cases, employers tend to hide some in formation regarding the terms of employment if they believe that the information may hinder them from hiring the desired employees. Eventually, the employees end up complaining when they learn that they did not get all the necessary information regarding employment terms. For a long period, workers’ unions in Australia fought to ensure that employers gave their workers paid leaves in the event that they were to go for maternity leave or had to look after their sick relatives. However, it was hard for employers to allow accept these terms. Besides, employers could not offer flexible working schedules to allow employees attend to other obligations. Through the state, the Fair Work Act 2009 came up with numerous employment standards that facilitated in alleviating employee exploitation in the hands of their employers. Through the Act, the state forced employers to come up with flexible working schedules to help employees look after their young children or disabled relatives. Apa rt from improved working schedules, the Fair Work Act helped in guaranteeing job security to most of the employees. Employers hardly explained the conditions of job termination to employees. Besides, organisations did not provide payments to redundancy. It called for state intervention to ensure that employers notify their employees before dismissing them. Today, Australian organisations notify their employees before firing them coupled with paying for redundancy. Globalisation and stiff competition in the business industry are leading to numerous mergers and acquisitions in Australia. Once an organisation is acquired, the acquiring company imposes its operations policies. Such policies may at times contradict with those of the acquired company. For instance, the employment standards in the two companies may differ leading to employees from the acquired company ceasing to enjoy some employment privileges that their previous employer offered. Leaving employers and employees to solve such disputes would bear no fruit, as each party would seek to safeguard its interests. In Australia, the state helped in standardising the employment standards across all organisations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, employees from an acquired company can still enjoy parental leave, personal leave, and demand for flexible working schedules from the management of the acquiring company. In Australia, employees use collective bargaining to make their employers meet their needs. At times, the employee bargaining power is weaker relative to that of the employers. Hence, employers may take this advantage to intimidate their employees. Employees opposed to employers’ decisions are fired leaving those that are submissive. It becomes hard for such employees to enjoy a fair working environment. Currently, most trade union s in Australia are facing extinction. Workers are no longer joining trade unions while some organisations are opposed to the establishment of trade unions. This implies that with time, employees will only depend on direct negotiation with their employers. In such an instance, it will be hard for employees to have a collective bargain that they enjoyed through trade unions. Every employee will be required to air his or her grievances independently. In fear of intimidation, most of the employees will end up adopting all policies implemented by their employers unwillingly. Fortunately, the state would help in making sure that employees have a collective bargain during their negotiations with their employers. In Australia, the government encourages collective bargaining. It has come up with numerous policies to facilitate this course. For instance, in 2009, the government revised its employment policies to accommodate the Fair Work Act’s provisions. Unlike in the past when employ ees would only bargain through a representative from trade union, the state has made it possible for employees to have a non-union member representing them in the bargaining process (O’Brien Fairbrother 2008). Failure to involve the state in this issue would have meant that individuals that are union members would only represent employees. Since there are a few number of trade unions in Australia today, workers are not effectively represented in negotiations on matters related to employment relations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The development in pubic procurement has piled demands on the Australian government to make sure that all government projects meet the established labour standards. Besides, in instances where the government acquires products or services through private institutions, it ensures that the private institutions stick to the established employment standards. According to Godard (2006), attaching labour standards to contracts involving the government and private institutions helps in enhancing employee relations in private institutions. Private institutions ensure that they come up with attractive working environment in order to attract government contracts. For a long time, it was hard for the Australian government to create domestic employment, ensure that organisations abide by employment standards, and achieve the affirmative action goals. However, after introducing contract policies in its relations with private institutions, the state has managed to influence numerous organisations to improve on their employee relations (Howe Landu 2007). Employees that are not union members are vulnerable to discrimination. Moreover, failure to participate in an industrial action may lead to the respective employees facing discrimination from their colleagues. In Australia, the state has managed to discourage this trend by establishing the ‘workplace rights’ that protect the rights of an individual to be or not to be a member of a union (Cooper Ellem 2008). As a way of enhancing employee relations, some procurement programs in Australia advocate for ‘cooperative’ workplace relations between employers and employees as well as employers and unions. All state organs serve as principal employers and in Australia, over 33 percent of employees work for state organs. The fact that the state is one of the major employers in Australia makes it hard to exclude it from the role of enhancing employee relations. The state is responsible for establishing wages a nd employment conditions. The conditions established by the state affect private institutions, as the institutions are forced to come up with better employment terms to attract employees. For instance, through state influence, private institutions in Australia were compelled to include maternity leave in their terms of engagement with employees. Demerits of state intervention Despite the use of contract policies in enhancing employee relations in Australia, there is still a need to leave the responsibility of employee relations to the employer and the employee. Not all private institutions trade with the government. Consequently, application of contract compliance strategies in enhancing employee relation does not affect all organisations (Dunoff 2009). Therefore, this aspect implies that employee relations in organisations that do not trade with government organisations are hardly affected by contract compliance policies and only the employees and employers can work towards enhanci ng these policies by reaching an agreement on terms and conditions of their employment. Another limitation of state intervention in employment relations in Australia is that it affects the employees’ bargaining power. By signing the Australian Workplace Agreements (AWAs), employees are protected from employers’ exploitation. Initially employees working under AWAs enjoyed the protection of the â€Å"No Disadvantage Test†, which ensured that employers did not force their employees to work under agreements that exploited them (Sachs 2010). Nevertheless, continued involvement of the state in employment relations led to changes in the employment relations that saw employers exploit their employees. By coming up with Industrial Relations changes, the state did away with the â€Å"No Disadvantage Test† subjecting employees to exploitation. One of the demerits of the current Australian Workplace Agreements is that, in spite of the state claiming that it facilitat es in negotiation during employment, the negotiations are not in most cases conducted fairly. Hence, employees end up adapting AWAs already established by the employer or organisation (Sachs 2010). State involvement in employment relations in Australia is to blame for the current rate of employee turnover in the country. Employees do not get an opportunity to negotiate on terms and conditions of employment with their employers. Ultimately, skilled employees keep on moving from one company to another in search of an organisation that meets their interests. State’s involvement in employment relations not only poses a threat to employees, but also the employers (Sachs 2010). While employees are denied an opportunity to bargain for better employment terms, the employers suffer the risk of having to recruit new employees now and then as dissatisfied employees keep on quitting employment. Hence, to cut down on the rate of employee turnover in Australian workplaces, the role of empl oyment relations should be left entirely to employers and employees. Conclusion Collaboration between the employer and the employees facilitates in the achievement of stable employee relations. Both the employers and employees work towards striking a deal that would see them address all their needs. Nevertheless, it is hard for the two parties to achieve stable employee relations without involving the state. In Australia, state acts as one of the major employers; hence, it influences employee relations by establishing workplace policies that most of the organisations use. Through state intervention, the Australian government ensures that employers do not dismiss unskilled employees without notice. Besides, the state, through the Fair Work Act, ensures that employers furnish their employees with relevant information regarding terms and conditions of employment before hiring them. In spite of using a culture of collective bargaining, it is hard for employees to pressure the employers to meet their demands. Hence, the state facilitates in enhancing employee relations by establishing contract policies that ensure that employers relate well with their employees. Even with the establishment of state policies that seek to enhance employee relations, the policies do not apply to all private institutions. Thus, to enhance employee relations in Australia, the state ought to work in collaboration with employers, employees, and trade unions. Reference List Cooper, R Ellem, B 2008, ‘The Neoliberal State, Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining in Australia’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 46, pp. 532-537. Dunoff, J 2009, ‘Linking International Markets and Global Justice’, Michigan Law Review, vol. 107, pp. 1039-1058. Godard, J 2006, ‘Institutional Environments, Employer Practices, and States in Liberal Market Economies’, Industrial Relations, vol. 41no.2, pp. 249-286. Howe, J Landau, I 2007, ‘â€Å"Light Touchâ €  Labour Regulation by State Governments in Australia’, Melbourne University Law Review, vol. 31, pp. 367-373. Howe, J Landau, I 2009, ‘Using Public Procurement to Promote Better Labour Standards in Australia: A Case Study of Responsive Regulatory Design’, Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 51 no. 4, pp. 575-589. O’Brien, J Fairbrother, P 2008, ‘A Changing Public Sector: Developments at the Commonwealth Level’, Australian Journal of Public Administration, vol. 59 no. 4, pp. 59-66. Sachs, B 2010, ‘Enabling Employee Choice: A Structural Approach to the Rules of Union Organising’, Harvard Law Review, vol. 123, pp. 656-728. This essay on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces was written and submitted by user Ezra Burch to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay Animals in Service Kelly Hughes Com 172 January 12, 2015 John Cantlon Animals in Service Humans and dogs have been co-existing for over 8,000 years, and they continue to follow man throughout history. The fact that they can be such a positive value to humans, psychologically, physiologically, and socially. Many Americans that suffer from seizers, depression, anxiety, Autism, and other psychological disorders have found service dogs to be a resourceful tool. However the dogs must pass a rigorous training program before they can be placed with their new handler. In conjunction with that dogs are now being rescued from shelters, and are trained by prison inmates involved this new program. After completing the program they will be placed with war veterans, and children with Autism. Animals have positive effects on humans mentally and physically by just simply having them in their lives. History of the Human/Animal Bond Throughout history dogs and humans have been together. They have been co-existing for over 8,000 years. In fact no one is even sure what originally even attracted them to one another. Regardless, they have found a few ways to make use of this relationship. The Native Americans benefited from wolves in a few different ways, protection from intruders, and help with hunting. Some early American settlers even used dogs to track and hunt buffalo. As well as using them to transport the buffalo meat from camp to camp. Researchers have said there is evidence dogs appeared during the artic period, and the human migrations to America from Asia. This strange connection humans have to these once wild animals continues to offer a multitude of advantages. Health Benefits Social inhibitions can be a difficult problem for some people. Studies show being in the company of a pet allows the owner to seen more approachable by friendly strangers. This allows the pet owner to benefit from social interactions. When someone is shy, awkward, and constantly feeling rejection from society, positive encounters begin to break down the walls of communication. That is when they start to establish healthy relationships with other people. Being united with a companion animal will give the handler an opportunity to be noticed by another person wanting to engage in conversation. Loneness is another difficult and painful problem. This causes such unpleasant side effects that solitary confinement is often given as a punishment in our society. After a review of several medical books in regards to the association between heart attacks and loneness, and reveals some astonishing information. Case in point people socially deprived are between two and four times more li kely to succumb to a heart attack verses people who socialize regularly. More than that a comparison of single people, as opposed to married couples, in which being single raises the chance of serious health factors. In correlation with those findings, loneness has been linked to deadly strokes, and recovery from a major illness is unlikely. On top of that people deprived from social situations can be linked to car accidents and other incidents. So if feeling lonely is the common denominator, and there is relief available without medical treatment, would that be a viable option? Many would agree and give all ones got to make a comeback. Service animals can understand their handlers’ needs, and produce results that are beneficial to one’s recovery. The Dogs’ Program Professionals have agreed there is a mysterious connection between dogs and humans, and yet it is still unfounded. Researchers have hypothesized different theories, but it continues to be a mystery. In conjunction with dogs natural devotion to humans, and their undying loyalty causes them to become a valuable tool for someone with a disability. Once a vigorous training program is passed, the animal can be placed with the new

Stakeholder exercise for socially responsible companies Research Paper

Stakeholder exercise for socially responsible companies - Research Paper Example It is socially responsible to its stockholders because these are the group of people who trusted Starbucks to report to them the true financial standing of the company and to provide decent return on their investments. Finally, Starbucks is socially responsible to the future generation by ensuring that their farming practices of coffee is environmentally sound that will not deprive the future generation of coffee. 2. Then, look for information that is not so favorable about this company from a reputable news source. What does the information say about the company? What do you think about the information you found? This is about a Reuters news in Britain that Starbucks has been telling its investors that they are profitable even as it consistently reported losses. This contradiction stems from the Starbucks avoidance of tax as it tells government one thing and its investors another (Reuters, 2012). The news is basically telling that Starbucks is lying both to its investors and to the government tax agency. It says that it profitable to its investors so as not to scare them away and then reporting losses to avoid tax. This is a very disappointing news considering that Starbucks is considered as one of the most ethical and profitable companies in the world. It is hard to believe that Starbucks is doing this but since the news is carried out by a reputable business news agency Reuters, there must be some credibility to it. Starbucks may not be used to losses because it has been profitable around the world. Thus it follows that it is used to telling its investors that the company is profitable in most franchise except in Britain. I would suggest that Starbucks to be honest in its financial reporting in Britain even if it does not look good. This is necessary because the continuous giving of false financial information could hurt the good reputation of

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Entrepreneurship and Innovation - Essay Example Innovation - â€Å"a process by which opportunities are identified and exploited and it requires the commitment of enterprising people† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 32). Entrepreneurship - â€Å"the pursuit of opportunity without regard to resources currently controlled† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 49). Enterprise - â€Å"the ability to handle uncertainty and respond positively to change, to create and implement new ideas and new ways of doing things, to make reasonable risk/reward assessments and act upon them in a variety of contexts, both personal and work† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 104). Public Sphere - the space of culture and society in which activity affects across familial and community lines, creating action that affects the whole rather than the individual. 2. Introduction With the recent economic crisis and the nature of global environmental issues rising to the surface, and with the addition of so many social problems emerging in a world that is becoming ever more globally centralized, entrepreneurial efforts through innovative solutions provide a resource to both support the issues that represent deep needs for solutions, as well create a financial opportunity for those who have concepts to increase an aspect of the health of the world. Opportunities that arise through innovations that solve problems create jobs, support human life, and advance civilization. In addition, those types of innovations that are created with a socially responsible solution in mind provide for a more enlightened advancement of civilization, while supporting the true needs of humanity over simply just the financial needs. Entrepreneurial efforts, at their basic level, are the needs that someone has to build and grow a business that provides financial compensation for their efforts. Money is not always the driving force, neither is the concept of being an owner, but those two aspects will always be a part of being a entrepreneur. There are times when it is the product, the innovation that drives a person to enter into an entrepreneurial phase, thus the need to achieve and create supersedes the need for profit. In many of the more altruistic innovations that have come on the market, the need to service a socially responsible demand has been the driving force behind the product. This type of entrepreneurship has the consequence, more often, of creating a high level of product when the business end of the process is well balanced In the end, it is the business end of a company that will support its success, not the value of the product. The product could be something that will cure world hunger, but if no one is developing it, capitalizing it, and promoting it into the hands of the right people, the idea will die without fixing the problems that it had been designed to address. It is great if a person develops the cure for cancer, but if it is done in a basement lab and no one finds out about it - if it is never produced, packaged, and sold - it will be lost. Innovation must come with proper business sense or it will not enter into the conscious of culture. Without proper capitalization, good decision making skills, and proper connections, an idea will die before it ever reaches the market. 3. Social Problems and Innovative Solutions Bornsteins and Davis

Exposing Workers to Plutonium Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Exposing Workers to Plutonium - Case Study Example Workers who have occupations at a nuclear plant, which require that they be necessarily exposed to radiation like plutonium, are among workers who are at high risk in their health as well as their safety. A number of incidents have occurred stating plutonium spills exposing worker’s health to dangers. This substance was said to remain in vital organs of the body like lungs or may move to the bones, liver, or other body organs (ATSDR, 1). But generally, such substance stays in the body of affected person for decades and may evencontinue to expose the surrounding tissues to radiation (ATSDR, 1). As a result, a person may develop cancer in the lungs, bones, liver depending on how long it has remained in the person’s body. Despite laws and regulations on maintaining safe workplace and compensating employees for occupational illnes, the fact remains that there are incidents occurring that continually expose workers to danger in their safety and health. Hence, there is a need for greater protection to the health of workers, provide appropriate health care, address their other health concerns and have standards to prevent accidents or incidents in relation to exposure to such radiation (Silver, 3). Workplaces and establishments which expose workers to such radiation must therefore come up with standards to ensure safety of workers, provide protective devices, informing workers of adhering to such standards for their safety and other protective measures. This goes not only to government agencies but also business establishments engaged in nuclear radioactivity. In order to address this problem, there must be community based approaches as well as case studies of incidents regarding radiation to identify what other reforms as to occupational safety may be put in place not only to protect workers but the community as well.

Apple Motivates All Its Employees Commerce Essay

Apple Motivates All Its Employees Commerce Essay Apple is regarded as the most innovative and esteemed company in the world (Fortune 2009). According to Armstrong (2007) and Legge (2009) firms should bring into action a total reward system that puts together both financial and non-financial benefits. This is exactly what Apple has done to date and given its success, this approach has proven to be useful. Apples employees might even be motivated by Steve Jobs autocratic leadership style (Thomke, et al, 2009), as the positive aspects of working for the company outweigh the negative aspects of being threatened. Apple desires to have a workplace that encourages creativity from the top most management to the lower most workers. Apple puts together both outer and inner motivational methods to enable their employees to be innovative. There are various methods that Apple Inc. uses to motivate its workers. Once, the executives of Apple were rewarded by giving the recognition bonus of 3-5% of their basic salary. This recognition took place d espite the fact that Apple recently missed their goal/target for a particular project (ZDNet 2003). This shows that Apple comprehends groups efforts. New Recruit People who get selected to work for one of the most prestigious organization in the world get very excited well before their first day at work. But, Apple makes sure that their first day is highly motivational from the time they step into the office. Apple does this by issuing a memo to every new employee on the very first day explaining them as to how they should see their efforts and contribution at the company. There has been a leak of this memo in the recent past, many people say its not the legitimate one but majority believes it is. It goes something like this: Theres work and theres your lifes work. The kind of work that has your fingerprints all over it. The kind of work that youll never compromise on. That youd sacrifice a weekend for. You can do that kind of work at Apple. People dont come here to play it safe. They come here to swim in the deep end. They want their work to add up to something. Something big, something that couldnt happen anywhere else. Welcome to Apple. Th is really boosts the energy level of the new joiners and gives them high motivation to show off their skills and talent. Benefits Incentives As we all know benefits package depend upon position, location, and years with the company. Same is followed by Apple as well, but they provide plenty of flexibility within the organization for employees and their family. Some of the Incentives that Apple provides are :- Health and Life insurance. Long term care insurance. Employee stock purchase plan. Financial education seminars. Flexible spending accounts. Short and Long-term disability coverage. Tuition assistance. Paid vacations and Holidays. Onsite fitness center. Computer Programs. 401(k) Plan with company match. Apple also motivates all its employees by giving them discount on the products which is very beneficial for most of them. Apple allows them to use this incentive only once every three years, but it could come into very handy when it comes to Mac or IPods. Employees who work at the management or corporate level can receive free IPod shuffle or IPhone. Many employees at Apple are simply motivated to see the outcome of their efforts on a particular product instead of money can sometimes be very encouraging for the employees to learn more and perform better. It also proves to be good for the company as giving product is cheaper than giving them a raise. Due to high sales in the recent past for Apple, they have provided the employees with more vacation days which again add up to the motivational benefits from the managements point of view. While few workers have complained regarding the salary provided, many Apple employees praised the benefits provided to them even if they only worked part-time. At present, Apple provides workers who work 20 or more hours a week with 401k and health benefits. Most jobs are available both for full-time and part-time, besides the managerial positions. Apple takes in many employees on seasonal basis, especially during back-to-school period or Christmas holidays starting from Thanksgiving. Although they are offered these benefits, but many workers say that these plans are costlier than their full-time counterparts. The above clearly indicates that there is difference in benefits and incentives provided to the full-time employee when compared to part-time employees. This is mainly because the amount of work the full-time employee does under such an immense pressure, whereas, part-time employee not necessarily work the entire week because their schedule is changed on every week basis. Other reason could possibly be that part-time workers dont really require the rest of the benefits as they are there only for a limited time period. Job Satisfaction The new CEO of Apple Tim Cook has been leaving his mark in the company very firmly. Recently in Wall Street Journal, it was reported that Cook is expanding the corporate benefits, such as to take some time off and the freedom to work on personal projects. Although Apple still provides fewer perks compared to some other big companies like Google, Microsoft, etc. Cooks approach in the recent past has been the differentiating factor between him and Steve Jobs. When Wall Street Journal interviewed certain Apple engineers last year they had many good things to share or say about Cook rather than Steve Jobs. They gave examples like Cook is willing to eat with the lower level of employees at the cafeteria, much keener to publicly recognize the work done by his employees, him starting charitable matching program at Apple last year. They concluded by saying that he is way more approachable than Steve Jobs was. All this recent activities done by Cook will lead to better job satisfaction than w hat Apple had earlier. Steve Jobs wasnt that much interested in the motivational sector, although he did a lot for the employees during the entire period that he served at Apple as a CEO. But, Cook has shown much more concern and interest towards employee welfare by adopting new techniques and making himself more accessible to the employees. This definitely gives the employees much better satisfaction as they now have growing incentives and making them feel what they do is known to the world through their name. Money as motivator? One of the process theories which are the goal-setting theory applies to the firm, focuses on the motivational properties of task goals. Employees within the company are highly motivated to attain task goals, which provide direction to employees in their work. The proper framework management of goals within Apple helps clear out performance expectations in the organization. They provide a base for behavioral self-management, which helps employees to improve their performance and be motivated on their job. Apple applies to the reinforcement theory of motivation because it focuses on the external environment and the consequences it holds for the individual. The organization mostly applies to the positive reinforcement strategy which strengthens or increases the frequency of desirable behavior by making a pleasant consequence contingent on it occurrence. Examples of positive reinforcement at Apple include the rewards given by Jobs as mentioned above (opening champagne, vacations, company parties). All employees are motivated to do their best work to accomplish goals because of the rewards they can receive. Incentive compensation system is another method that Apple uses to motivate employees. This includes bonus pay, which provides payments on accomplishing the targets or goals given to specific employee during a particular period. They also have an employee stock ownership plan as mentioned earlier. The performance incentive and ownerships share of ones employment is directly linked to each other. Employees who hold stock of the company are self-motivated to work hard and perform better to raise the market value of the organization. Apple Inc. tries to keep a balance between both financial and non-financial motivators. Although many a times its clearly indicated that Apple uses monetary terms more for the welfare of the employee mainly because, then the employee can use it the way he likes it. The organization also uses non-monetary means to keep their employees pumped up on a frequent basis but Apple obviously prefers to use financial incentive. This could be in wages/salary form, bonus (executives paid 3-5% of their base salary), paid leave, to be able to buy stocks at a cheaper value, different insurance policies, etc. All put in a nutshell, Apple is definitely doing a lot for its employees as present, whether at corporate level or for the workers, be it for full time employees or part time workers. Before people did have complaints regarding the motivation, salary, incentives, bonus, working hours, etc. but as time is passing by Apple is learning the tricks and trade of it and also is making sure that it brings into action the most suitable and the right motivational strategy for its employees to perform better and make sure Apple stays real strong in the market. The backbone for any company is its employees and so is for Apple. After the death of Steve Jobs, people talked within themselves whether Cook will be able to fit in Steve Jobs shoes or not? And all the critics were onto it in a flash. Keeping all this in mind and the fact that many people believed that Apple may see a downfall due to Jobs death, but from the time Cook has taken charge Apple hasnt looked back. In fact Tim Cook has 97% of Approval rating in comparison to Steve Jobs 95% of Approval rating. Here are some of the famous quotes by Steve Jobs: Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower. Be a yardstick of quality, some people arent used to an environment where excellence is expected. The only way to do a great work is to love what you do. The people, who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do.

Essay --

After being arrested in downtown Birmingham on a Good Friday, Reverend Martian Luther King Jr. wrote his famous letter, â€Å"A Letter From Birmingham Jail† responding to the criticism demonstrated by eight prominent white clergymen. This letter has been found important through out history because it expresses King’s feelings towards the un-just event and it is an example of a well-written argument. The author, Dr. Martian Luther King Jr., makes a statement â€Å"Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue.† He uses this concept to convey the point of the Negros hard work to negotiate the issue has failed, but now they must confront it. The March on Good Friday, 1963, 53 blacks, led by Reverend Martian Luther King, Jr., was his first physical protest to segregation laws that had taken place after several efforts to simply negotiate. The author uses several phrases that describe his nonviolent efforts and his devotion to the issue of segregation that makes the reader believe his how seriously King takes this issue. â€Å"Conversely, one has the moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.† Dr. Martian Luther King, Jr. explains with this that an â€Å"unjust law is no law at all.† King does not feel like he has broken any laws in hi s protest against segregation. In his eyes, laws are made to protect the people, not degrade and punish. â€Å"The Negro has many pent up resentments and latent frustrations, and he must release them. So let him March.† As far as King is concerned, the Negros will continue to do whatever is necessary, preferably non-violently, to obtain the moral and legal right that is theirs. If they are not allowe... ...to jail. He was beaten and put down in jail, but he never gave up on his idea of God and never once regret they steps he took to spread the work of God, despite where he ended up. â€Å"Whether our dreams have been crushed by forces beyond our control – injustice, disaster, or the death of a love one – or we’ve shattered them ourselves through cowardice, poor judgment, moral laxity, or laziness, hope is not beyond us. Nor are we beyond hope – as long as we press on in Gods direction.† Dr. King uses this powerful statement along with several others like it to really get the point across that you need to fight for what you believe in and don’t lose hope. The process to gain desegregation of African-Americans and whites will be a fight, but they key is to follow in the line of God and keep moving forward, while pushing aside and stepping over any despair you may encounter.