Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces

Introduction Organisational managers and employees are two factions that come into direct confrontation with respect to employment relations in most cases. The state is also involved in matters pertaining employment relations. Nevertheless, the state is a third party and thus its involvement is not acknowledged.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In employment relations, the state may take different forms, which may include varied agencies playing different roles in industrial relations. According to Howe and Landau (2007), state is relatively an ‘open system’. No single party represents the state; in essence, the state is characterised by organs like the police, the judicially, and various employment institutions. In spite of the current rate of globalisation and the emergence of intercontinental business, employment relations are still rooted in the state instead of global institutions. The national government enacts laws that govern employee relations, thus influencing organisational operations. Some pundits claim that Australian state should not take part in employment relations, which leaves this role to employers and employees. However, based on the environment at the workplaces, the state should participate in promoting employee relations in the country. This paper will discuss how state’s intervention in the working environment may help in enhancing employment relations in the modern Australian workplace. State intervention State intervention in employee relations in Australia facilitates in safeguarding the interests of employees, especially those with limited skills. Technological advancements are giving way to the emergence of new roles in organisations and changes in operations. Most of the unskilled employees are not capable of coping with these changes. Hence, they are vulner able to losing their jobs as organisations perceive them as unproductive. Employers are fond of dismissing unproductive employees at their will. In spite of existing negotiations between employers and employees, it is hard for unskilled employees to retain their positions when changes occur in organisations. However, through state’s intervention, the Australian government is capable of establishing stable employee relations in the country. In 2009, the state came up with Fair Work Act. The Act facilitates in enhancing employee relations by ensuring that employers furnish their new employees with working information immediately after recruitment (Howe Landau 2009). Employees get information regarding the terms and conditions of their employment, and issues that would affect their employment.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In most cases, employers tend to hide some in formation regarding the terms of employment if they believe that the information may hinder them from hiring the desired employees. Eventually, the employees end up complaining when they learn that they did not get all the necessary information regarding employment terms. For a long period, workers’ unions in Australia fought to ensure that employers gave their workers paid leaves in the event that they were to go for maternity leave or had to look after their sick relatives. However, it was hard for employers to allow accept these terms. Besides, employers could not offer flexible working schedules to allow employees attend to other obligations. Through the state, the Fair Work Act 2009 came up with numerous employment standards that facilitated in alleviating employee exploitation in the hands of their employers. Through the Act, the state forced employers to come up with flexible working schedules to help employees look after their young children or disabled relatives. Apa rt from improved working schedules, the Fair Work Act helped in guaranteeing job security to most of the employees. Employers hardly explained the conditions of job termination to employees. Besides, organisations did not provide payments to redundancy. It called for state intervention to ensure that employers notify their employees before dismissing them. Today, Australian organisations notify their employees before firing them coupled with paying for redundancy. Globalisation and stiff competition in the business industry are leading to numerous mergers and acquisitions in Australia. Once an organisation is acquired, the acquiring company imposes its operations policies. Such policies may at times contradict with those of the acquired company. For instance, the employment standards in the two companies may differ leading to employees from the acquired company ceasing to enjoy some employment privileges that their previous employer offered. Leaving employers and employees to solve such disputes would bear no fruit, as each party would seek to safeguard its interests. In Australia, the state helped in standardising the employment standards across all organisations.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today, employees from an acquired company can still enjoy parental leave, personal leave, and demand for flexible working schedules from the management of the acquiring company. In Australia, employees use collective bargaining to make their employers meet their needs. At times, the employee bargaining power is weaker relative to that of the employers. Hence, employers may take this advantage to intimidate their employees. Employees opposed to employers’ decisions are fired leaving those that are submissive. It becomes hard for such employees to enjoy a fair working environment. Currently, most trade union s in Australia are facing extinction. Workers are no longer joining trade unions while some organisations are opposed to the establishment of trade unions. This implies that with time, employees will only depend on direct negotiation with their employers. In such an instance, it will be hard for employees to have a collective bargain that they enjoyed through trade unions. Every employee will be required to air his or her grievances independently. In fear of intimidation, most of the employees will end up adopting all policies implemented by their employers unwillingly. Fortunately, the state would help in making sure that employees have a collective bargain during their negotiations with their employers. In Australia, the government encourages collective bargaining. It has come up with numerous policies to facilitate this course. For instance, in 2009, the government revised its employment policies to accommodate the Fair Work Act’s provisions. Unlike in the past when employ ees would only bargain through a representative from trade union, the state has made it possible for employees to have a non-union member representing them in the bargaining process (O’Brien Fairbrother 2008). Failure to involve the state in this issue would have meant that individuals that are union members would only represent employees. Since there are a few number of trade unions in Australia today, workers are not effectively represented in negotiations on matters related to employment relations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The development in pubic procurement has piled demands on the Australian government to make sure that all government projects meet the established labour standards. Besides, in instances where the government acquires products or services through private institutions, it ensures that the private institutions stick to the established employment standards. According to Godard (2006), attaching labour standards to contracts involving the government and private institutions helps in enhancing employee relations in private institutions. Private institutions ensure that they come up with attractive working environment in order to attract government contracts. For a long time, it was hard for the Australian government to create domestic employment, ensure that organisations abide by employment standards, and achieve the affirmative action goals. However, after introducing contract policies in its relations with private institutions, the state has managed to influence numerous organisations to improve on their employee relations (Howe Landu 2007). Employees that are not union members are vulnerable to discrimination. Moreover, failure to participate in an industrial action may lead to the respective employees facing discrimination from their colleagues. In Australia, the state has managed to discourage this trend by establishing the ‘workplace rights’ that protect the rights of an individual to be or not to be a member of a union (Cooper Ellem 2008). As a way of enhancing employee relations, some procurement programs in Australia advocate for ‘cooperative’ workplace relations between employers and employees as well as employers and unions. All state organs serve as principal employers and in Australia, over 33 percent of employees work for state organs. The fact that the state is one of the major employers in Australia makes it hard to exclude it from the role of enhancing employee relations. The state is responsible for establishing wages a nd employment conditions. The conditions established by the state affect private institutions, as the institutions are forced to come up with better employment terms to attract employees. For instance, through state influence, private institutions in Australia were compelled to include maternity leave in their terms of engagement with employees. Demerits of state intervention Despite the use of contract policies in enhancing employee relations in Australia, there is still a need to leave the responsibility of employee relations to the employer and the employee. Not all private institutions trade with the government. Consequently, application of contract compliance strategies in enhancing employee relation does not affect all organisations (Dunoff 2009). Therefore, this aspect implies that employee relations in organisations that do not trade with government organisations are hardly affected by contract compliance policies and only the employees and employers can work towards enhanci ng these policies by reaching an agreement on terms and conditions of their employment. Another limitation of state intervention in employment relations in Australia is that it affects the employees’ bargaining power. By signing the Australian Workplace Agreements (AWAs), employees are protected from employers’ exploitation. Initially employees working under AWAs enjoyed the protection of the â€Å"No Disadvantage Test†, which ensured that employers did not force their employees to work under agreements that exploited them (Sachs 2010). Nevertheless, continued involvement of the state in employment relations led to changes in the employment relations that saw employers exploit their employees. By coming up with Industrial Relations changes, the state did away with the â€Å"No Disadvantage Test† subjecting employees to exploitation. One of the demerits of the current Australian Workplace Agreements is that, in spite of the state claiming that it facilitat es in negotiation during employment, the negotiations are not in most cases conducted fairly. Hence, employees end up adapting AWAs already established by the employer or organisation (Sachs 2010). State involvement in employment relations in Australia is to blame for the current rate of employee turnover in the country. Employees do not get an opportunity to negotiate on terms and conditions of employment with their employers. Ultimately, skilled employees keep on moving from one company to another in search of an organisation that meets their interests. State’s involvement in employment relations not only poses a threat to employees, but also the employers (Sachs 2010). While employees are denied an opportunity to bargain for better employment terms, the employers suffer the risk of having to recruit new employees now and then as dissatisfied employees keep on quitting employment. Hence, to cut down on the rate of employee turnover in Australian workplaces, the role of empl oyment relations should be left entirely to employers and employees. Conclusion Collaboration between the employer and the employees facilitates in the achievement of stable employee relations. Both the employers and employees work towards striking a deal that would see them address all their needs. Nevertheless, it is hard for the two parties to achieve stable employee relations without involving the state. In Australia, state acts as one of the major employers; hence, it influences employee relations by establishing workplace policies that most of the organisations use. Through state intervention, the Australian government ensures that employers do not dismiss unskilled employees without notice. Besides, the state, through the Fair Work Act, ensures that employers furnish their employees with relevant information regarding terms and conditions of employment before hiring them. In spite of using a culture of collective bargaining, it is hard for employees to pressure the employers to meet their demands. Hence, the state facilitates in enhancing employee relations by establishing contract policies that ensure that employers relate well with their employees. Even with the establishment of state policies that seek to enhance employee relations, the policies do not apply to all private institutions. Thus, to enhance employee relations in Australia, the state ought to work in collaboration with employers, employees, and trade unions. Reference List Cooper, R Ellem, B 2008, ‘The Neoliberal State, Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining in Australia’, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 46, pp. 532-537. Dunoff, J 2009, ‘Linking International Markets and Global Justice’, Michigan Law Review, vol. 107, pp. 1039-1058. Godard, J 2006, ‘Institutional Environments, Employer Practices, and States in Liberal Market Economies’, Industrial Relations, vol. 41no.2, pp. 249-286. Howe, J Landau, I 2007, ‘â€Å"Light Touchâ €  Labour Regulation by State Governments in Australia’, Melbourne University Law Review, vol. 31, pp. 367-373. Howe, J Landau, I 2009, ‘Using Public Procurement to Promote Better Labour Standards in Australia: A Case Study of Responsive Regulatory Design’, Journal of Industrial Relations, vol. 51 no. 4, pp. 575-589. O’Brien, J Fairbrother, P 2008, ‘A Changing Public Sector: Developments at the Commonwealth Level’, Australian Journal of Public Administration, vol. 59 no. 4, pp. 59-66. Sachs, B 2010, ‘Enabling Employee Choice: A Structural Approach to the Rules of Union Organising’, Harvard Law Review, vol. 123, pp. 656-728. This essay on Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces was written and submitted by user Ezra Burch to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay

com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay com172 WK 5 Final draft Essay Animals in Service Kelly Hughes Com 172 January 12, 2015 John Cantlon Animals in Service Humans and dogs have been co-existing for over 8,000 years, and they continue to follow man throughout history. The fact that they can be such a positive value to humans, psychologically, physiologically, and socially. Many Americans that suffer from seizers, depression, anxiety, Autism, and other psychological disorders have found service dogs to be a resourceful tool. However the dogs must pass a rigorous training program before they can be placed with their new handler. In conjunction with that dogs are now being rescued from shelters, and are trained by prison inmates involved this new program. After completing the program they will be placed with war veterans, and children with Autism. Animals have positive effects on humans mentally and physically by just simply having them in their lives. History of the Human/Animal Bond Throughout history dogs and humans have been together. They have been co-existing for over 8,000 years. In fact no one is even sure what originally even attracted them to one another. Regardless, they have found a few ways to make use of this relationship. The Native Americans benefited from wolves in a few different ways, protection from intruders, and help with hunting. Some early American settlers even used dogs to track and hunt buffalo. As well as using them to transport the buffalo meat from camp to camp. Researchers have said there is evidence dogs appeared during the artic period, and the human migrations to America from Asia. This strange connection humans have to these once wild animals continues to offer a multitude of advantages. Health Benefits Social inhibitions can be a difficult problem for some people. Studies show being in the company of a pet allows the owner to seen more approachable by friendly strangers. This allows the pet owner to benefit from social interactions. When someone is shy, awkward, and constantly feeling rejection from society, positive encounters begin to break down the walls of communication. That is when they start to establish healthy relationships with other people. Being united with a companion animal will give the handler an opportunity to be noticed by another person wanting to engage in conversation. Loneness is another difficult and painful problem. This causes such unpleasant side effects that solitary confinement is often given as a punishment in our society. After a review of several medical books in regards to the association between heart attacks and loneness, and reveals some astonishing information. Case in point people socially deprived are between two and four times more li kely to succumb to a heart attack verses people who socialize regularly. More than that a comparison of single people, as opposed to married couples, in which being single raises the chance of serious health factors. In correlation with those findings, loneness has been linked to deadly strokes, and recovery from a major illness is unlikely. On top of that people deprived from social situations can be linked to car accidents and other incidents. So if feeling lonely is the common denominator, and there is relief available without medical treatment, would that be a viable option? Many would agree and give all ones got to make a comeback. Service animals can understand their handlers’ needs, and produce results that are beneficial to one’s recovery. The Dogs’ Program Professionals have agreed there is a mysterious connection between dogs and humans, and yet it is still unfounded. Researchers have hypothesized different theories, but it continues to be a mystery. In conjunction with dogs natural devotion to humans, and their undying loyalty causes them to become a valuable tool for someone with a disability. Once a vigorous training program is passed, the animal can be placed with the new

Stakeholder exercise for socially responsible companies Research Paper

Stakeholder exercise for socially responsible companies - Research Paper Example It is socially responsible to its stockholders because these are the group of people who trusted Starbucks to report to them the true financial standing of the company and to provide decent return on their investments. Finally, Starbucks is socially responsible to the future generation by ensuring that their farming practices of coffee is environmentally sound that will not deprive the future generation of coffee. 2. Then, look for information that is not so favorable about this company from a reputable news source. What does the information say about the company? What do you think about the information you found? This is about a Reuters news in Britain that Starbucks has been telling its investors that they are profitable even as it consistently reported losses. This contradiction stems from the Starbucks avoidance of tax as it tells government one thing and its investors another (Reuters, 2012). The news is basically telling that Starbucks is lying both to its investors and to the government tax agency. It says that it profitable to its investors so as not to scare them away and then reporting losses to avoid tax. This is a very disappointing news considering that Starbucks is considered as one of the most ethical and profitable companies in the world. It is hard to believe that Starbucks is doing this but since the news is carried out by a reputable business news agency Reuters, there must be some credibility to it. Starbucks may not be used to losses because it has been profitable around the world. Thus it follows that it is used to telling its investors that the company is profitable in most franchise except in Britain. I would suggest that Starbucks to be honest in its financial reporting in Britain even if it does not look good. This is necessary because the continuous giving of false financial information could hurt the good reputation of

Entrepreneurship and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Entrepreneurship and Innovation - Essay Example Innovation - â€Å"a process by which opportunities are identified and exploited and it requires the commitment of enterprising people† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 32). Entrepreneurship - â€Å"the pursuit of opportunity without regard to resources currently controlled† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 49). Enterprise - â€Å"the ability to handle uncertainty and respond positively to change, to create and implement new ideas and new ways of doing things, to make reasonable risk/reward assessments and act upon them in a variety of contexts, both personal and work† (Lowe and Marriott 2006: 104). Public Sphere - the space of culture and society in which activity affects across familial and community lines, creating action that affects the whole rather than the individual. 2. Introduction With the recent economic crisis and the nature of global environmental issues rising to the surface, and with the addition of so many social problems emerging in a world that is becoming ever more globally centralized, entrepreneurial efforts through innovative solutions provide a resource to both support the issues that represent deep needs for solutions, as well create a financial opportunity for those who have concepts to increase an aspect of the health of the world. Opportunities that arise through innovations that solve problems create jobs, support human life, and advance civilization. In addition, those types of innovations that are created with a socially responsible solution in mind provide for a more enlightened advancement of civilization, while supporting the true needs of humanity over simply just the financial needs. Entrepreneurial efforts, at their basic level, are the needs that someone has to build and grow a business that provides financial compensation for their efforts. Money is not always the driving force, neither is the concept of being an owner, but those two aspects will always be a part of being a entrepreneur. There are times when it is the product, the innovation that drives a person to enter into an entrepreneurial phase, thus the need to achieve and create supersedes the need for profit. In many of the more altruistic innovations that have come on the market, the need to service a socially responsible demand has been the driving force behind the product. This type of entrepreneurship has the consequence, more often, of creating a high level of product when the business end of the process is well balanced In the end, it is the business end of a company that will support its success, not the value of the product. The product could be something that will cure world hunger, but if no one is developing it, capitalizing it, and promoting it into the hands of the right people, the idea will die without fixing the problems that it had been designed to address. It is great if a person develops the cure for cancer, but if it is done in a basement lab and no one finds out about it - if it is never produced, packaged, and sold - it will be lost. Innovation must come with proper business sense or it will not enter into the conscious of culture. Without proper capitalization, good decision making skills, and proper connections, an idea will die before it ever reaches the market. 3. Social Problems and Innovative Solutions Bornsteins and Davis

Exposing Workers to Plutonium Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Exposing Workers to Plutonium - Case Study Example Workers who have occupations at a nuclear plant, which require that they be necessarily exposed to radiation like plutonium, are among workers who are at high risk in their health as well as their safety. A number of incidents have occurred stating plutonium spills exposing worker’s health to dangers. This substance was said to remain in vital organs of the body like lungs or may move to the bones, liver, or other body organs (ATSDR, 1). But generally, such substance stays in the body of affected person for decades and may evencontinue to expose the surrounding tissues to radiation (ATSDR, 1). As a result, a person may develop cancer in the lungs, bones, liver depending on how long it has remained in the person’s body. Despite laws and regulations on maintaining safe workplace and compensating employees for occupational illnes, the fact remains that there are incidents occurring that continually expose workers to danger in their safety and health. Hence, there is a need for greater protection to the health of workers, provide appropriate health care, address their other health concerns and have standards to prevent accidents or incidents in relation to exposure to such radiation (Silver, 3). Workplaces and establishments which expose workers to such radiation must therefore come up with standards to ensure safety of workers, provide protective devices, informing workers of adhering to such standards for their safety and other protective measures. This goes not only to government agencies but also business establishments engaged in nuclear radioactivity. In order to address this problem, there must be community based approaches as well as case studies of incidents regarding radiation to identify what other reforms as to occupational safety may be put in place not only to protect workers but the community as well.

Apple Motivates All Its Employees Commerce Essay

Apple Motivates All Its Employees Commerce Essay Apple is regarded as the most innovative and esteemed company in the world (Fortune 2009). According to Armstrong (2007) and Legge (2009) firms should bring into action a total reward system that puts together both financial and non-financial benefits. This is exactly what Apple has done to date and given its success, this approach has proven to be useful. Apples employees might even be motivated by Steve Jobs autocratic leadership style (Thomke, et al, 2009), as the positive aspects of working for the company outweigh the negative aspects of being threatened. Apple desires to have a workplace that encourages creativity from the top most management to the lower most workers. Apple puts together both outer and inner motivational methods to enable their employees to be innovative. There are various methods that Apple Inc. uses to motivate its workers. Once, the executives of Apple were rewarded by giving the recognition bonus of 3-5% of their basic salary. This recognition took place d espite the fact that Apple recently missed their goal/target for a particular project (ZDNet 2003). This shows that Apple comprehends groups efforts. New Recruit People who get selected to work for one of the most prestigious organization in the world get very excited well before their first day at work. But, Apple makes sure that their first day is highly motivational from the time they step into the office. Apple does this by issuing a memo to every new employee on the very first day explaining them as to how they should see their efforts and contribution at the company. There has been a leak of this memo in the recent past, many people say its not the legitimate one but majority believes it is. It goes something like this: Theres work and theres your lifes work. The kind of work that has your fingerprints all over it. The kind of work that youll never compromise on. That youd sacrifice a weekend for. You can do that kind of work at Apple. People dont come here to play it safe. They come here to swim in the deep end. They want their work to add up to something. Something big, something that couldnt happen anywhere else. Welcome to Apple. Th is really boosts the energy level of the new joiners and gives them high motivation to show off their skills and talent. Benefits Incentives As we all know benefits package depend upon position, location, and years with the company. Same is followed by Apple as well, but they provide plenty of flexibility within the organization for employees and their family. Some of the Incentives that Apple provides are :- Health and Life insurance. Long term care insurance. Employee stock purchase plan. Financial education seminars. Flexible spending accounts. Short and Long-term disability coverage. Tuition assistance. Paid vacations and Holidays. Onsite fitness center. Computer Programs. 401(k) Plan with company match. Apple also motivates all its employees by giving them discount on the products which is very beneficial for most of them. Apple allows them to use this incentive only once every three years, but it could come into very handy when it comes to Mac or IPods. Employees who work at the management or corporate level can receive free IPod shuffle or IPhone. Many employees at Apple are simply motivated to see the outcome of their efforts on a particular product instead of money can sometimes be very encouraging for the employees to learn more and perform better. It also proves to be good for the company as giving product is cheaper than giving them a raise. Due to high sales in the recent past for Apple, they have provided the employees with more vacation days which again add up to the motivational benefits from the managements point of view. While few workers have complained regarding the salary provided, many Apple employees praised the benefits provided to them even if they only worked part-time. At present, Apple provides workers who work 20 or more hours a week with 401k and health benefits. Most jobs are available both for full-time and part-time, besides the managerial positions. Apple takes in many employees on seasonal basis, especially during back-to-school period or Christmas holidays starting from Thanksgiving. Although they are offered these benefits, but many workers say that these plans are costlier than their full-time counterparts. The above clearly indicates that there is difference in benefits and incentives provided to the full-time employee when compared to part-time employees. This is mainly because the amount of work the full-time employee does under such an immense pressure, whereas, part-time employee not necessarily work the entire week because their schedule is changed on every week basis. Other reason could possibly be that part-time workers dont really require the rest of the benefits as they are there only for a limited time period. Job Satisfaction The new CEO of Apple Tim Cook has been leaving his mark in the company very firmly. Recently in Wall Street Journal, it was reported that Cook is expanding the corporate benefits, such as to take some time off and the freedom to work on personal projects. Although Apple still provides fewer perks compared to some other big companies like Google, Microsoft, etc. Cooks approach in the recent past has been the differentiating factor between him and Steve Jobs. When Wall Street Journal interviewed certain Apple engineers last year they had many good things to share or say about Cook rather than Steve Jobs. They gave examples like Cook is willing to eat with the lower level of employees at the cafeteria, much keener to publicly recognize the work done by his employees, him starting charitable matching program at Apple last year. They concluded by saying that he is way more approachable than Steve Jobs was. All this recent activities done by Cook will lead to better job satisfaction than w hat Apple had earlier. Steve Jobs wasnt that much interested in the motivational sector, although he did a lot for the employees during the entire period that he served at Apple as a CEO. But, Cook has shown much more concern and interest towards employee welfare by adopting new techniques and making himself more accessible to the employees. This definitely gives the employees much better satisfaction as they now have growing incentives and making them feel what they do is known to the world through their name. Money as motivator? One of the process theories which are the goal-setting theory applies to the firm, focuses on the motivational properties of task goals. Employees within the company are highly motivated to attain task goals, which provide direction to employees in their work. The proper framework management of goals within Apple helps clear out performance expectations in the organization. They provide a base for behavioral self-management, which helps employees to improve their performance and be motivated on their job. Apple applies to the reinforcement theory of motivation because it focuses on the external environment and the consequences it holds for the individual. The organization mostly applies to the positive reinforcement strategy which strengthens or increases the frequency of desirable behavior by making a pleasant consequence contingent on it occurrence. Examples of positive reinforcement at Apple include the rewards given by Jobs as mentioned above (opening champagne, vacations, company parties). All employees are motivated to do their best work to accomplish goals because of the rewards they can receive. Incentive compensation system is another method that Apple uses to motivate employees. This includes bonus pay, which provides payments on accomplishing the targets or goals given to specific employee during a particular period. They also have an employee stock ownership plan as mentioned earlier. The performance incentive and ownerships share of ones employment is directly linked to each other. Employees who hold stock of the company are self-motivated to work hard and perform better to raise the market value of the organization. Apple Inc. tries to keep a balance between both financial and non-financial motivators. Although many a times its clearly indicated that Apple uses monetary terms more for the welfare of the employee mainly because, then the employee can use it the way he likes it. The organization also uses non-monetary means to keep their employees pumped up on a frequent basis but Apple obviously prefers to use financial incentive. This could be in wages/salary form, bonus (executives paid 3-5% of their base salary), paid leave, to be able to buy stocks at a cheaper value, different insurance policies, etc. All put in a nutshell, Apple is definitely doing a lot for its employees as present, whether at corporate level or for the workers, be it for full time employees or part time workers. Before people did have complaints regarding the motivation, salary, incentives, bonus, working hours, etc. but as time is passing by Apple is learning the tricks and trade of it and also is making sure that it brings into action the most suitable and the right motivational strategy for its employees to perform better and make sure Apple stays real strong in the market. The backbone for any company is its employees and so is for Apple. After the death of Steve Jobs, people talked within themselves whether Cook will be able to fit in Steve Jobs shoes or not? And all the critics were onto it in a flash. Keeping all this in mind and the fact that many people believed that Apple may see a downfall due to Jobs death, but from the time Cook has taken charge Apple hasnt looked back. In fact Tim Cook has 97% of Approval rating in comparison to Steve Jobs 95% of Approval rating. Here are some of the famous quotes by Steve Jobs: Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower. Be a yardstick of quality, some people arent used to an environment where excellence is expected. The only way to do a great work is to love what you do. The people, who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do.

Essay --

After being arrested in downtown Birmingham on a Good Friday, Reverend Martian Luther King Jr. wrote his famous letter, â€Å"A Letter From Birmingham Jail† responding to the criticism demonstrated by eight prominent white clergymen. This letter has been found important through out history because it expresses King’s feelings towards the un-just event and it is an example of a well-written argument. The author, Dr. Martian Luther King Jr., makes a statement â€Å"Nonviolent direct action seeks to create such a crisis and foster such a tension that a community which has constantly refused to negotiate is forced to confront the issue.† He uses this concept to convey the point of the Negros hard work to negotiate the issue has failed, but now they must confront it. The March on Good Friday, 1963, 53 blacks, led by Reverend Martian Luther King, Jr., was his first physical protest to segregation laws that had taken place after several efforts to simply negotiate. The author uses several phrases that describe his nonviolent efforts and his devotion to the issue of segregation that makes the reader believe his how seriously King takes this issue. â€Å"Conversely, one has the moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws.† Dr. Martian Luther King, Jr. explains with this that an â€Å"unjust law is no law at all.† King does not feel like he has broken any laws in hi s protest against segregation. In his eyes, laws are made to protect the people, not degrade and punish. â€Å"The Negro has many pent up resentments and latent frustrations, and he must release them. So let him March.† As far as King is concerned, the Negros will continue to do whatever is necessary, preferably non-violently, to obtain the moral and legal right that is theirs. If they are not allowe... ...to jail. He was beaten and put down in jail, but he never gave up on his idea of God and never once regret they steps he took to spread the work of God, despite where he ended up. â€Å"Whether our dreams have been crushed by forces beyond our control – injustice, disaster, or the death of a love one – or we’ve shattered them ourselves through cowardice, poor judgment, moral laxity, or laziness, hope is not beyond us. Nor are we beyond hope – as long as we press on in Gods direction.† Dr. King uses this powerful statement along with several others like it to really get the point across that you need to fight for what you believe in and don’t lose hope. The process to gain desegregation of African-Americans and whites will be a fight, but they key is to follow in the line of God and keep moving forward, while pushing aside and stepping over any despair you may encounter.